| Journalism is part of the institutional polysystem media that is part of the multifunctional institutions of
society, such as:
prints, television, radio, Internet, etc. From the standpoint of public interest journalism adapts some of scientific and practical knowledge of these groups to perceive the mass consciousness in order to take other
social groups, behaviors, ideology (culture, morality, ethics, aesthetics) and modes of development. Some researchers believe that there are two main areas of journalism - journalism research and investigative journalism. Journalist researcher usually works with open (accessible) sources of information in the investigation of journalist interferes in the area closed (not available) information. Accordingly, methods of work in both directions are different. Journalism as a science is a system of artistic, cultural, historical, sociological and other disciplines covering the complete cycle of creating and managing a practice of journalism in
society, its influence on social processes. Person professionally engaged in journalism, called a journalist. History of journalism has for many centuries. Political information in the Middle Ages brought the heralds, couriers and messengers, who read out the decrees, and the correlation rescripts, sometimes with the author's comments. The
print is a periodical publication, which goes under the constant name at least once a month. The prototype of the
print described as the oldest handwritten news bulletins. Roman
prints were a clay tablets on which the recorded chronicle of events. News reports tend to have an informal character, until Julius Caesar did not order a mandatory distribute records of the Senate, reports military commanders and the message rulers of neighboring states. The world's first newspaper was The Capital Journal, which started out in China in the VIII century. It placed orders of the emperor and communication on major events in
society. Papers printed with the boards on which characters were cut, covered with ink and
prints made. This technology has been extremely uncomfortable, because as a board of frequent covering up paint deteriorating rapidly. Year of birth of European newspapers periodicals considered in 1609. Place of its occurrence was Germany. The main functions of mass communication are information, education, creation of public awareness and education - are reflected in the specific genre forms. The use of particular genre is primarily determined by
socio-historical conditions of life. The accelerated pace of life, information boom dictate publications and related forms of presentation materials. Along with the traditional genre forms today in the pages of
prints and magazines are new, such as non-fiction essays, socio-political dialogue, social portraits of his contemporaries, socio-economic profiles, problematic
social critical reporting, analysis and interviews, etc. |